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5106: Revenue Meter Errors Due To Harmonic Distortions: A Status Review

Traditional revenue metering methods used in the measurement of real power (P), reactive power (Q), apparent power (S), and power factor (PF), are adequate for the sinusoidal situation. However, under nonsinusoidal conditions, they may be inappropriate.This report documents the results of a literature review to assess the status of issues surrounding the problem of revenue metering errors in nonsinusoidal situations. The issues have been grouped into areas. Area one examines the advantages an

Feb 1, 2002

Research

5114: Establishing Power Quality Guidelines

This report identifies risks associated with power quality contracts that are based on system-wide guaranteed performance, and also provides a framework for assessing this risk. A PQ contract based on an incentive/penalty scheme tied to performance exposes a utility to financial and other risks. However, this risk can be minimized when the inherent year-to-year variability in PQ parameters, such as voltage interruptions (sustained and momentary) and voltage sags, is adequately addressed.

Aug 1, 2003

Research

5145: Characteristics of Harmonic Impedances and Sources in Power Distribution Systems

This report presents the values and characteristics of harmonic impedances, harmonic sources and source contributions of the supply systems and customers loads in power distribution systems. The results are obtained from an extensive and unique field measurement campaign. The measurement campaign covered over one hundred utility-customer interface points. The findings documented in this report include but are not limited to the frequency response characteristics of the supply and load impedances

May 9, 2012

Research

5143B-04: Customer Sensitivity to Voltage Sags

ABSTRACT: Power quality complaints related to voltage variations occur either when the customer has equipment which is very sensitive to these events and is critical to the overall process or when the frequency of occurrence of the variations is interpreted as being unacceptable. It may be possible to make the equipment used in customer facilities less sensitive to voltage sags and momentary interruptions. For example, clocks and controls with low power requirements can be protected with a smal

Mar 1, 2010

Research

5143B-10: Power Factor Correction Case Studies

ABSTRACT: In most industrial facilities, a significant portion of the electrical equipment acts as either a resistor or an inductor. Examples of resistive loads include incandescent lights, baseboard heating, and cooking ovens. Examples of inductive loads include fluorescent lights, ac induction motors, arc welders, and transformers. Capacitor banks also require reactive power to operate. Capacitor banks improve voltage control, reduce current flow, increase system capacity, and reduce system lo

Mar 1, 2010

Research

5158: Power Quality Considerations for Wind Power - Application Guide

The objective of this project was to develop a practical application guide that provides a review of the power quality considerations that are relevant to installing wind turbines on electric power systems. The report includes relevant standards-related information and representative waveforms as well as case studies for a number of wind-related power quality events. The report presents the complex subject of power quality using easily understandable terms, guidelines, and representative exampl

Feb 25, 2011 - Feb 24, 2012

Research

5146: Power Quality Impact of Mass Penetration of Energy Efficient Consumer Electronic Devices

This project investigates the potential harmonic impact of compact fluorescent lamps (CFLs) at the residential house level. The impact is characterized by the extra harmonic currents that could be injected into the supply system from individual houses as more CFLs displace the incandescent lamps. The results have been compared with those produced by other home appliances. The project also developed a residential house model and determined the model data suitable for feeder-wide harmonic impact a

Jul 1, 2009

Research

5169: Impact of High Frequency Harmonics on Power System

The characteristics of switched-mode power supplies and the extent of their use have changed significantly in recent years. One consequence is that a wide variety of low voltage loads can now introduce high-frequency harmonics into power systems. This is due to the high-frequency switching operation of the load’s power supply module. Typical frequencies are in the range of 20kHz to 120kHz. The views on the potential power quality impacts of this disturbance vary widely and some of them are

Jun 1, 2014 - Apr 15, 2015

Research

5132: Power Quality at Supply Points to Distribution Companies

This report identifies a set of primary Power Quality (PQ) Indices for monitoring at points of supply to distribution companies. The indices are reflective of international standards and also coordinate with existing guidelines of utility companies.The power quality indices developed in this report include target levels (often defined in terms of probabilities for a specific percentage and a specific time period), planning levels (design criteria or internal guidelines), and indicative levels (g

Apr 1, 2008

Research

5140: Uniform Practices in Reporting Momentary Outages and Their Relationship with Power Quality

The reporting of momentary interruptions and voltage sags has been examined to identify a single metric that is suitable for communicating the momentary interruption and voltage sag performance of the power delivery system in relation to the customer expectations of process equipment performance with large groups of stakeholders. The existing SARFI70 index with a small modification to the duration definition has been proposed, because it will result in a value that is in line with customer exper

Dec 1, 2008

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